Indigenous Australian Aboriginals and the Colony of Britain.

Indigenous Australians are believed to have arrived onto Australian mainlands across the sea of from Maritime, Southeast Asia 40,000 –70,000 years ago. In 1606 was the first known landing within Australia by Europeans by a Dutch navigator named Willem Janszoon. During the 17th century other Dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts of Australia, numerous European explorers followed, however, in 1770 Lieutenant James Cook explored the East Coast of Australia representing Britain returning with accounts favouring colonisation at Botany Bay, New South Wales. Seventeen years after Cook’s touchdown on the east coast of Australia, the British government decided to establish a colony at Botany Bay. Indigenous language contained a lot of spiritual words and beliefs, the ‘dreamtime’ or ‘dreaming’ is their connection to the land and Earth. (Jens Korff, 2014) Students Kiarra and Karri Moseley and Luke Bidner- â€Å"My culture is my identity. Dreamtime stories tell the life of my people. Growing older. Hearing stories of my ancestors living off the land Becoming one with the creatures Even though I havent met them I feel this unbreakable connection Through the stories I have heard. The stories that have been passed down through generations. These stories are living through us. Without our culture we have no identity And without our identity We have nothing.† (Jens Korff, 2014) The dreaming creates the structures of society, the rules for social behaviour and theShow MoreRelatedNotes: European Settlement of Australia Commenced in 1788. Prior to This, Indigenous Australians Inhabited the Continent and Had Unwritten Legal Codes1085 Words   |  5 Pages1788. Prior to this, Indigenous Australians inhabited the continent and had unwritten legal codes Terra Nullius: Terra Nullius: A Latin term which translates as Empty Land or Nobody s Land . Captain Cook declared Australia to be Terra Nullius when he sailed into Botany Bay on April 28th 1770, so that he could claim Australia for Britain. This proclamation ignored the fact that hundreds of different groups of Indigenous people occupied the land. The indigenous people did not haveRead MoreThe Effects Of The Changing Government Policies Towards Aboriginal People Over Time1088 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss the effects of the changing government policies towards aboriginal people over time: What was the protection policy in relation to Aboriginal people? How did it effect Aboriginal Australians? Give examples Significance This document made Victoria the first Colony to enact a comprehensive scheme to regulate the lives of Aboriginal people. The Act giving powers to the Board for the Protection of Aborigines which subsequently developed into an significant level of control of people s livesRead MoreWhat Impact Did The British Have On Aboriginal Australians?1921 Words   |  8 Pageshave on Aboriginal Australians? In the corner of the present Australian flag resides a miniature Union Jack. Millions of these flags fly throughout Australia, providing the Aboriginal people with a constant reminder of the British presence in Australia. By 1788, Britain appeared to be an imperializing superpower; they had control of India and many places in Africa and had just lost the colonies in America. In 1788, Captain James Cook arrived on the east coast of Australia and just like Britain had doneRead MoreThe Colonisation Of Australia By Jordan T. Sharp2179 Words   |  9 Pagesand family structures and also culture itself is passed down from the indigenous people to the colonisers. (Colonisation and Racism, 2000.) Pre-invasion in Australia, the aboriginal people had their own way of life, they had been living in Australia â€Å"Terra Nullis† for about 50,000 to 120,000 years. They were commonly hunters and gatherers who adapted to their surrounding environment. There were around about 300,000 Aboriginal people living in Australia when the British arrived in 1788. (The SocialRead MoreAustrali The Smallest Continent Between The Indian And Pacific Ocean And Is A Nation Of Many Contrasts1376 Words   |  6 Pagescapital is Canberra. Despite the fact that Canberra is the capital, other cities like Sydney, which is the largest city in the country, have more influence both locally and internationally. â€Å"Australia was once a British colony and after its discovery in 1788 people from Great Britain settled there. In the past decades, people from all over the world have come to Australia. Today it is a multicultural society and the continent is also one of the richest countries in the world. It produces wool and meatRead MoreAnalysis Of Kath Walker s We Are Going 1328 Words   |  6 Pagesand racial discrimination. With the publication `We Are Going in 1964, Kath Walker (1920-1993) became the first Australian aboriginal poet to publish a book of verse. This brought her an immediate success and international popularity. In this collection of 30 poems, she goes from staging a protest against the foreign oppressors to beautifully describe the delicacies of the aboriginal cultures to fight for the human rights to envision a harmonious future. In order to put these poems in proper perspectiveRead More Australian Government Policy Essay3747 Words   |  15 PagesAustralian Government Policy The first English settlement in Australia was established in 1788. Before this the Aborigines lived in the land in harmony. However, after the English arrived, the two different cultures were in close contact and had to determine how to coexist. White Europeans did not respect the Aborigines’ right to the land and it’s resources. With brutal force, they took control of the land and claimed it as their own. Australians then developed their own policies on how to dealRead MoreHit A Six With Australia s National Identity1465 Words   |  6 Pagesculture†, and subsequently represents an influential part of Australian culture. However, the modernity discourse undermines the degree to which Australian identity is taking into account British Legacy.Today the Australian culture is comprised of a differing scope of encounters, nationalities and cultures, subsequently confounding the idea that Australian identity is based on British heritage. The verbose accentuation set o n Australia’s indigenous origin, colonial past and multicultural present, consequentlyRead MoreIndigenous Studies2750 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿ Indigenous Studies Topic: The colonisation of Australia was based on the legal fiction of terra nullius. Compare and contrast the consequences of terra nullius on the experience of Australian Indigenous people, with indigenous peoples’ experiences of colonisation in Canada. Word count: 2,014 Making cultural or political comparisons between Canada and Australia is not a new phenomenon. Both are now independent former colonies of Great Britain, who have inherently adopted many of itsRead MoreRacism In Australia - The Rise and Fall of the White Australia Policy1308 Words   |  6 Pageslive here for many different reasons.. They have all called themselves Australians and had accepted Australia as their new home. Although the perspective of accepting a different race/culture has changed, racism still exists in Australia. Australia’s indigenous people were the first victims of racism in this country. For about 50,000 years before the settlement of the British, Australia was occupied exclusively by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. After the settlement of the British

Argumentative Analysis Of Abortion Rights - 1564 Words

Argumentative Analysis of Abortion Rights Abortion has been a controversial topic and fluctuated in-and-out of political discussions for decades, but has started to become a more popular debate topic as of late. People have debated between â€Å"Pro-Choice†, a woman’s right to choose, as well as â€Å"Pro-Life†, strictly anti-abortion, as well as the lawmakers part in recognizing the issue. A Harvard College newspaper printed an opinion-based article by Tanya Luhrmann for Abortion Rights Action Week called, The Pro-Choice Argument. The author claims that a powerful part of American life is the experience of being a mother, and that each side, â€Å"Pro-Choice† and â€Å"Pro-Life†, feels attacked from one another affecting the mother and child relationship.†¦show more content†¦2). Trying to persuade the readers, the author shows her own personal opinion that the fetus should be considered a human being at conception, as well as earn the sam e rights as the mother and have a chance to live, even if some complications stand in the way. She continues to use a multitude of examples to successfully extort her opinion and reason across that she is against abortion; however, she could be easily swayed if tough circumstance or situation comes around. This personal touch adds to her rationale, allowing for support and validity throughout the rest of the article.The structure that the author chose to put her argument in is very wisely chosen because her strong points are shown first, then her weaker ones in the middle, and lastly, an astounding ending wraps everything together proving her point. She describes the two arguments on the second page as the problems that the fetus faces in gaining any kind of equal rights. Luhrmann wrote, â€Å"Animals and children are unavoidably present within a society, and to ensure that they remain functioning members of that society they must be protected from exploitation by other societal me mbers† (p. 2). This is followed by a comparison example of an Australian whoShow MoreRelatedWhat Is An Argumentative Passage Analysis875 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is an argumentative passage analysis? In a passage analysis, you take some piece of written prose which contains an argument and extract the argument from it. In order to do this, you must identify the conclusion of the argument, as well as any premises that support the conclusion, and structure them in such a way that the argument is clearly valid (if indeed it is valid in the passage). Here is an example of an argumentative passage: Socrates is a man, and all men are mortal. As such, SocratesRead MoreArgumentative Essay : First Amendment Junkie By Susan Jacoby1042 Words   |  5 PagesAmber Rogers Dr. Kim Loel Argumentative Analysis of the Essay â€Å"First Amendment Junkie† by Susan Jacoby What is a First Amendment Junkie? According to author Susan Jacoby, censorship of any form is wrong. From the beginning of Jacoby’s essay, â€Å"First Amendment Junkie,† it’s obvious where she stands on the topic. Jacoby states that the people who most support the censorship of pornography are women. These women are often self-proclaimed feminists who ironically support the First Amendment. WhileRead MoreEpistemology And Its Impact On Human Relations1839 Words   |  8 Pagesis a great connectedness between the human interpretation of who they are, the matters affecting them, communication efficiency and the information they have based on epistemological, ontological and axiological knowledge. This is a detailed argumentative essay whose intent is to elaborate and discuss who I believe I am, my stand and the reason for residence based on my commitment to epistemology, ontology, and axiology as the basis of understanding. I will discuss the essential values that shapeRead MoreContemporary Moral Issue Essay2709 Words   |  11 PagesBB; the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy’s â€Å"Pornography and Censorship† – BB 10/10 - *Essay #1 due; Casebook debate: â€Å"Florida Ban on Gay Adoptions† 10/13 – Fall break; no class meeting More Life and Death Issues: Abortion, Suicide, and Euthanasia 10/15 – Chapter 11 - Abortion 10/17 – Roe v. Wade – BB 10/20 – *Quiz #3 10/22 – Chapter 11 – Suicide and Euthanasia; Albert Camus, â€Å"An Absurd Reasoning,† from The Myth of Sisyphus - BB Questions of Social and Economic Equity 10/24 – ChapterRead MoreWork: Scientific Method and Exploratory Research1888 Words   |  8 Pagesformulate a thesis and then gather your sources that will be used. The sources should then be evaluated for accuracy. Everything should then be meticulously documented. There are many topics that can be used for this purpose. The list includes animal rights, minimum wage, vaccines, climate change, immigration, obesity, overpopulation, spanking, smoking bans, wind energy, and school uniforms. Exploratory research  of  research  conducted for a problem that has not been clearly defined. Exploratory researchRead MoreEmbryonic Stem Cell Research: To Be or Not To Be? Essay1853 Words   |  8 Pagescontroversy will continue as this analysis essay unfolds. Should we allow Scientists sacrifice a life for the extraordinary possibilities that are promised to come with the research of Embryonic Stem Cells? The first argument as to what should be done about Embryonic Stem Cell research is written by Rachel Benson Gold. Gold is the author of several reports and articles in the field of reproductive health services and financing, and recently completed a comprehensive analysis of the national family planningRead MoreEssay about The Morals and Ethics of Genetic Engineering3310 Words   |  14 Pageswere to ignore the religious aspect of this particular topic, I would be disregarding a major portion of the mainstream argument against Genetic Engineering in terms of morality and ethics. I have done my best to tread lightly and speak in an argumentative and logical fashion as if they are my firm beliefs. Genetic engineering has grown to the extent that it can now be performed on humans; the morals behind this course of actions are certainly a grey area, and based on religious interpretationRead MoreEthics and Government2590 Words   |  11 PagesEthics and Government Angela M. Roberson SOC 120: Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Professor Kay Green May 30, 2010 Ethics is defined as a set of principles of right conduct. It is also a theory or a system of moral values (Merriman/Webster online dictionary). Government Ethics is often times referred to an oxy-moron. The reason for this is that many believe that our government does not have ethics in decision making. In this paper I will attempt to analyze the links betweenRead MoreTomb of the Unknown Soldier4192 Words   |  17 Pagesdeaths from Yellow Fever. Step 4: As far as what side this photo may depict, I think as a whole, it is on both sides. The monument was erected for the soldiers amp; civilians that have died in the pursuit of Freedom amp; liberty, whether for the right reason or not. As far as a perspective, I think it is one of remembrance, the author amp; photographer want people to see amp; remember what this country has endured to obtain its freedom amp; the liberty that we all take for granted now a day’sRead MoreDescriptive Analysis6093 Words   |  25 Pagesnarrative and descriptive essays are often given as separate assignments in composition courses, they are combined in this first section so that teachers can present expressive writing and still reserve time for the many forms of informative and argumentative writing. This choice is tricky because it confirms the folk wisdom about expressive writing and rhetorical difficulty. According to custom, students can write narratives first because they are already familiar w ith storytelling and can organize

Review on Lorenzos Oil Movie free essay sample

Lorenzos Oil Essay The film is based on the true story of Augusto and Michaela Odone and their son Lorenzo. In 1984 Lorenzo came down with adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD), a rare inherited disease. Doctors said that he would lose all his functions and die within two to three years. Refusing to accept this grim verdict, the Odones set out on a mission to find a treatment for ALD and to save their child. In their quest for a treatment the Odones often clashed with doctors, scientists, and support groups, who were doubting that anything could be done about ALD. Their persistent struggle tested the boundaries of conventional medicine. The Odones haunted medical libraries, reviewed countless animal experiments, badgered researchers, questioned top doctors all over the world, and persisted until a solution came to them in a moment of inspiration. They commissioned a special type of oil from a British firm, which normalized the accumulation of very long chain fatty acids in the brain, the hallmark of ALD. We will write a custom essay sample on Review on Lorenzos Oil Movie or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The film ends on a positive note, showing several healthy children who, having ollowed a course of treatment with Lorenzos Oil, remained symptom-free. The conclusion relates that Lorenzo can communicate again by a modified sign language, and that Augusto Odone was awarded an honorary Ph. D. for his pioneering work in researching and discovering a significant treatment for ALD. ALD is an inherited genetic disorder linked to the X sex chromosome. Because of the way genetic inheritance works, only boys have the most severe form of ALD. The disorder leaves the body unable to break down big fat molecules. Recent research shows that this is most likely due to a carrier protein that fails to work correctly and carry the fat molecules to where they would be broken down. Some symptoms shown in the movie Lorenzos Oil were hyperactive, clumsy, audio difficulty, and seizures. Adrenal function must be tested periodically in all patients with ALD. Treatment with adrenal hormones can be lifesaving. Symptomatic and supportive treatments for ALD include physical therapy, psychological support, and special education. Recent vidence suggests that a mixture of oleic acid and euric acid, known as Lorenzos Oil, administered to boys with X-ALD can reduce or delay the appearance of symptoms. Bone marrow transplants can provide long-term benefit to boys who have early evidence of X-ALD, but the procedure carries risk of mortality and morbidity and is not recommended for those whose symptoms are already severe or who have the adult-onset or neonatal forms. Oral administration of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) may help infants and children with neonatal ALD. I believe that the portrayal of the medical community was entirely accurate in the film. I believe this because it takes enormous amounts of time to test a new treatment for any disease and you cant t Just release it in the world without testing it and making a full inquiry on it. Such measures should be taken, because innocent individuals lives could be diminished because of it, and thats a large price to pay, just because you want things to move faster. I believe that the Odones dealt with this situation in a very intelligent way with

Revolution in Haiti

Table of Contents Introduction Revolution in Haiti Conclusion References Introduction Revolution is the overthrow or repudiation of a regime or political system by the governed. It is characterized by a radical and invasive change. It is usually suddenly and violence is experienced. The existing government is replaced by another political system from those who are governed. Haiti is one developing country that has had numerous cases of revolution. Since the year 1800 to date Haiti has recorded nine instances of coup d’Ã ©tat (Heinl, 1996).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Revolution in Haiti specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Revolution in Haiti In 1991, there was an issue with the president of Haiti Jean-Bertrand Aristide who had been democratically elected as the head of the country the previous year. In a coup d’Ã ©tat led by Raoul Cedras the government of Jean-Bertrand was overthrown. This wa s criticized by the United States government, United Nations and Organization of American States. This continued till 1994 when Aristide came back to power as the head of state. During this period, all sectors and key institutions in Haiti were affected negatively. In terms of political arena, the government failed completely. Cedras encouraged economic dependency in which apart from humanitarian aid he allowed other external aid hence hindering economic independence of Haiti. The government also failed because there were no laws followed. The constitution did not allow any political system to overthrow the government. Cedras was therefore an illegal president of Haiti. It therefore goes without saying that the due to lack of laws there was poor governance. The political system was not for the people; instead the government protected corrupt government officials and illegal businesses such as drug trafficking. Economic sector was negatively affected. For example the money invested i n other countries was frozen during this period. The sanctions put in place to stabilize the situation also interfered with trading activities. Restrictions on trade led to loss of 60% of private jobs. This translated to approximately one million people losing their jobs. Due to unfavorable environment, many industries including export were shut down. Cedras and his government remained to benefit from the unstable economy in Haiti. He ensured that he controlled the business environment; supply and distribution of goods and services and thus monitoring the income and profits realized. The poor suffered. The people of Haiti were denied democracy and economic development. In addition, when Aristede came back to power the people continued to suffer. The external aid that people depended on was discontinued. The poor in this case were the ones who suffered. Moreover, human rights were denied to the citizens. The military used force to get power hence violated Human rights. The basic nece ssities such as oil and food became scarce (Dupuy, 1997).Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Further the natural environment was affected. Environmental pollution such as soil erosion, oil spill in the water bodies and air pollution resulted to health complications. Environmental degradation did not only have negative implications on the human beings but also the plants and animals. This worsened the food security condition. The scarce natural plants and animals were extinct. Conclusion Revolution is as a result of struggle by the people and especially the poor. However, they do not end up being leaders of the same. The purpose of revolution is therefore defeated because the promised change is usually not realized after fighting. The leaders and the rich benefit at the expense of the poor. In this case, Cedras and his political system benefited in 1991 to 1994 revolution regime at the e xpanse of Haitians. References Dupuy, A. (1997). Haiti in the New World Order: The Limits of the Democratic Revolution. Boulder, Colo.: West view Press. Heinl, R. (1996). Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People, 1492–1995. Lanham: University Press of America. This essay on Revolution in Haiti was written and submitted by user Kelvin Alford to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Planning

Planning Introduction - What is Planning?Planning is one of the major functions of a manager and the future of the organization and the achievement of corporate goals may rely on the fact how well the planning process is carried out at each level of the organization.Planning is a logical process as it involves thinking and decision making and is a continuous and a dynamic process because changes in plans have to be made from time to time to take care of the changing environment. It concerns a series of action steps to achieve a specific goal. If you do it effectively, you can reduce much the necessary time and effort of achieving the goal. It is well known that for unstructured activities 80 percent of the effort, give less than 20 percent of the valuable outcome.Why do we need to plan?It is much easier to avoid wasting effort as some activities that you do without planning may end up as irrelevant to achieving our expected goals.Emmaus Bible College's Mission StatementAnd therefore redundant work may take place resulting in waste of time and resources. But with a plan it is possible to carry out the tasks in a most efficient and effective way possible.Planning is vital for meeting your needs during each action step with your time, money, or resources. The planning phase can be utilized to gather the resources that are need to fulfill a task. This helps the planner to get a clear idea about the expenditure of the task, the impact it has on the organization and the risks involved.Furthermore, a plan can be used as a tool which you can used in directing people to carry out their tasks and help supervisory personnel to identify the progress or where we are currently and also to...

Too Many Partners A Challenge To Partnership Working The WritePass Journal

Too Many Partners A Challenge To Partnership Working Introduction Too Many Partners A Challenge To Partnership Working ). Strong leadership and management In order for a joint working to be successful, there must be strong leadership and management structure in place. The importance of having a strong leadership and integrated management structure has been identified by Rutter et al. (2004) Aims and objectives Practitioners from the various agencies involved in the joint working should understand the ultimate goals, aims and objectives as well as the eligibility criteria for the new initiative to become a success (Cameron et al. 2012). Roles and responsibilities The agencies involved should understand their roles and responsibilities to prevent conflicts. Responsibilities may include administrative tasks, budget management and coordination of material resources(Cameron et al. 2012).   Team building Another factor that is likely to promote joint working is team-building and arranging for weekly meetings. Regular team-building events and subsequent weekly meetings allows for the various agencies to share information and to discuss issues arising (Clarkson et al. 2011). Additionally, such team meetings enhance the understanding of the different professional roles and prevent conflict between the different professions by building trust and rapport between the various agencies or groups involved. Information sharing Other factors that may promote joint working include mechanisms for sharing information such as using shared information technology systems and shared documentation. Such effective sharing mechanisms lead to timely assessments of needs (Cameron et al. 2012) Factors hindering joint working  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aims and objectives Whilst we have shown that an understanding of the aims and objectives is key to success of a partnership, it should be noted that such shared purpose can be problematic as well. For example, studies by Clarkson et al (2011), Asthana Halliday (2003) and Glasby et al (2008) which examined some of the integrated care services found a general lack of understanding of the central aim of partnership working among the health care practitioners. Without a shared understanding of the aims and objectives among the various agencies involved, then it becomes difficult to develop a sense of purpose.   Further, this difficulty is made worse if there are conflicting roles and responsibilities. Roles and responsibilities Roles and responsibilities should be clearly defined to avoid conflicts between the professionals involved. In their study, McCormack et al. (2008)found that a shortage of clarity of the roles and responsibilities of the professionals involved in the joint working resulted in delays in treatment and inappropriate referrals. Organizational difference Partnership working can also be undermined by competing organizational visions. If organizations are in competition about the joined-up agenda, the initiative may not be successful. This is evident in a study by Young (2003) on partnership working between the local authorities and NHS. Young’s study foundthe partnership as undermined by the differences in resource and spending criteria between the parties involved. Poor Communication and coordination As noted above, communication is critical to the success of a partnership working. Poor communication hampers collaborative efforts which may result in delays in service delivery. Using specialist languages that some partners are not familiar with and communicating selectively may fuel suspicion and personal agendas leading to conflicting messages which undermine collaborative efforts (Cameron et al. 2012).Almost all tragedies which have resulted have been a direct result of poor communication and failure of professionals to coordinate with each other. This is especially the case where there are too many partners involved and where there is a lack of clarity of the responsibilities of each partner. Power and hierarchical relationships Partnership can also be hindered by power and hierarchical relationships. Some practitioners may perceive others to be below them in terms of their status. When perceived status differences occur, the dominant high status professions such as the medics may silence the contribution made by the others (Clarkson et al. 2011). Such kind of perceived status difference hinders integrative efforts and can stultify effective partnership. There is a host of other factors that may hinder partnership working including difficulty in information sharing due to incompatibility of the IT systems, lack of trust and respect, relationship between agencies, and financial uncertainty among many others. These barriers can perhaps be addressed by arranging for a local forum where practitioners can meet regularly and share issues arising. Whereas there many benefits to partnership working, such joint collaboration can prove to be extremely difficult especially where there are too many partners involved. Partnerships that involve too many partners often suffer from poor communication and coordination, competing organizational visions, lack of clarity with regard to the roles and responsibilities of the professionals involved, duplication of roles, unclear accountability, too many referrals between agenciesand lack of trust and respect among several other factors (Douglas 2008). These barriers tend to hinder the effectiveness of partnership working and can ultimately lead to failure in delivery of services as seen with the case of Victoria Climbie. However, there are many success stories where many partners were involved. The future holds promising for more partnership involvement and collaboration as more community development workers are increasingly funded by primary care trusts. Further, many government funded initiatives are currently being implemented to promote the integration of services and multi-agency partnership including the Sure Start, Best and Connexions, Youth Offending Teams, and Childrens Fund (Cheminals 2009). Conclusion It is very hard to predict the dynamics and outcomes of partnership working especially where there are many partners involved due to continually evolving nature of such partnership. Partnerships that involve too many partners suffer from a range of factors that may stultify joint working including poor communication and coordination, competing organizational visions, duplication of roles, unclear accountability, and too many referrals between agencies among several other factors. Whereas the practicalities of adopting a multi-agency approach can prove to be difficult, promoting integration of services and joint approach to service delivery is key to addressing key societal problems which cannot be constrained neatly within traditional boundaries such as poverty, crime, social exclusion, community safety and inequality. These problems are highly complex in nature and since no single actor or entity has sufficient knowledge and information required to solve them, it becomes extremely important to have multi-agency partnership working. Reference Asthana, S and Halliday, J., 2003.‘Intermediate care: its place in a whole-systems approach, Journal of Integrated Care, vol.1, no.6, pp.15-24 Audit Commission, 1998.A Fruitful Partnership: Effective Partnership Working. Audit Commission. Audit Commission, 2006. Governing Partnerships: Bridging the Accountability Gap. Audit Commission. Barrett, G., Selman, D. Thomas, G., 2005.Interprofessional Working in Health and Social Bella, 2001. Turning point: collaboration for a new century in public health. Washington DC: the National Association of County and City Health Officials. Cameron, A., Lart, R., Bostock, L. and Coomber, C., 2012. Factors that promote and hinder joint and integrated working between health and social care services. Research briefing 41. Social Care Institute for Excellence. Care: Professional Perspectives. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Carnwell, R. and Buchanan, J., 2008. Effective practice in health, social care and criminal justice: a partnership approach. McGraw-Hill International Carnwell, R. and Carson, A., 2005. ‘Understanding partnerships and collaboration’,in R. Carnwell and J. Buchanan (eds) effective practice inhealth and social care: a partnership approach. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Cheminals, R., 2009. Effective multi-agency partnerships: putting every child matters into practice. Sage Publications Clarkson, Brand, C., Hughes, J and Challis, D., 2011. Integratingassessments of older people: examiningevidence and impact from a randomized controlled trial, Age and Ageing, vol 40, no 3, pp 388−391. Douglas, A., 2008. Partnership working. Routledge. Dowling, B. Glendinning, C. and Powell, M., 2004. Conceptualising successful partnerships Health and Social Care in the Community 12(4) 309-317 Fletcher, J. K., 2006. Partnerships in Social Care: A Handbook for Developing Effective Services London: Jessica Kingsley Fraser,S. and Matthews, S., 2007. The Critical Practitioner in Health and Social Care London:Sage publications Gallant, M.H., Beaulieu, M.C. and Carnevale, F.A., 2002.‘Partnership: an analysis of theconcept within the nurse–client relationship’, Journal of Advanced Nursing 40(2): 149–57. Glasby, J., Martin, G. and Regen, E., 2008. Older people and the relationship between hospital services and intermediate care: results from a national evaluation, Journal of Interprofessional Care, vol 22, no 6, pp 639−649. Harris, S., 2003.‘Inter-agency practice and professional collaboration: the case of drug education and prevention’, Journal of Education Policy 18(3), pp.303-314. Huxham, C. and Vangen, S., 2005. Managing to Collaborate: The Theory and Practice of Collaborative Advantage. London: Routledge Ling, T., 2002. ‘Delivering Joined-Up Government in the UK: Dimensions, Issues and Problems’, Public Administration, Vol. 80 No. 4, 615-642 McCormack, B. Mitchell, E.A., Cook, G., Reed, J., and Childs, S., 2008. Older personsexperiences of whole systems: the impact ofhealth and social care organizationalstructures, Journal of Nursing Management,vol 16, no 2, pp 105−114. Rutter, D., Tyrer, P., Emmanuel, J., Weaver, T., Byford, S., Hallam, A., Simmonds, S., and Ferguson, B., 2004. Internal vs. externalcare management in severe mental illness:randomized controlled trial and qualitativestudy, Journal of Mental Health, vol 13, no 5,pp 453−466. Tait, L and Shah, S., 2007. Partnership working: a policy with promise for mental healthcare. Journal of continuing professional development. 13: 261-271 Taylor, I., Sharland, E., Sebba, J. and Le Riche, P., 2006, Knowledge review 10: The learning, teaching and assessment of partnership work in social work education, London: Social Care Institute of Excellence. Welstead, M., 2013. Child protection in England-early intervention. [Viewed on 13th November 2013]   available from law.harvard.edu/programs/about/cap/cap-conferences/pp-workshop/pp-materials/27_welsteaddoc.pdf

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research task Paper

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander task - Research Paper Example The colonial rule developed new laws that segregated the minority groups from other Australians. Children were forced to abandon their culture and were subject to both physical and sexual abuse. In brief, the colonial period was a suffering period for the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders and this had long-term impacts for this minority group. The colonial period contributed to the disorientation of the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islanders. During the pre-colonial period, this group was diverse and comprised of over 1 million people. A large number of this population died during the colonial rule and there was a significant reduction of the population. In the 2001 census, the population of the aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders was 458, 000 people, contributing to 2.4% of the total population in Australia (Garvey et al., 2011). Besides, their displacement during the colonial period made them lose their original habitats. Currently, they reside in the New South Wales and Queensland with scanty of land to settle in (Rose, 2000). A close evaluation indicates that the population of the Aboriginal people is growing at a slow rate, a fact related to the nature of the problems that they face today. In the post-colonial period, the discrimination of the Aboriginal and Torres Straight Island people is a common feature. The end of the colonial period was expected to be end of the suffering of the indigenous people. However, it is clear that the Europeans had already created a social difference between the people and the spirit of racism was already high. The Australian government was slow to enact social justice and hence the Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander remained the weak race (Heffernan, Andersen & Kinner, 2009). They were discriminated by the other Australian races in all social spheres, which resulted to creation of enmity between the two